tests: Tests for inactive HD chains

test cases are added for inactive HD chains: a basic case, a case
where the wallet is encrypted, and a case for the 21605 segfault.

test/functional/test_framework/test_node.py

@@ -698,6 +698,9 @@ class RPCOverloadWrapper():
     def __getattr__(self, name):
         return getattr(self.rpc, name)
 
+    def createwallet_passthrough(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.__getattr__("createwallet")(*args, **kwargs)
+
     def createwallet(self, wallet_name, disable_private_keys=None, blank=None, passphrase='', avoid_reuse=None, descriptors=None, load_on_startup=None, external_signer=None):
         if descriptors is None:
             descriptors = self.descriptors

test/functional/test_runner.py

@@ -279,6 +279,7 @@ BASE_SCRIPTS = [
     'wallet_send.py --descriptors',
     'wallet_create_tx.py --descriptors',
     'wallet_taproot.py',
+    'wallet_inactive_hdchains.py',
     'p2p_fingerprint.py',
     'feature_uacomment.py',
     'feature_init.py',

test/functional/wallet_inactive_hdchains.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) 2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
+# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+"""
+Test Inactive HD Chains.
+"""
+import os
+import shutil
+import time
+
+from test_framework.authproxy import JSONRPCException
+from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
+from test_framework.wallet_util import (
+    get_generate_key,
+)
+
+
+class InactiveHDChainsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
+    def set_test_params(self):
+        self.setup_clean_chain = True
+        self.num_nodes = 2
+        self.extra_args = [["-keypool=10"], ["-nowallet", "-keypool=10"]]
+
+    def skip_test_if_missing_module(self):
+        self.skip_if_no_wallet()
+        self.skip_if_no_bdb()
+        self.skip_if_no_previous_releases()
+
+    def setup_nodes(self):
+        self.add_nodes(self.num_nodes, extra_args=self.extra_args, versions=[
+            None,
+            170200, # 0.17.2 Does not have the key metadata upgrade
+        ])
+
+        self.start_nodes()
+        self.init_wallet(node=0)
+
+    def prepare_wallets(self, wallet_basename, encrypt=False):
+        self.nodes[0].createwallet(wallet_name=f"{wallet_basename}_base", descriptors=False, blank=True)
+        self.nodes[0].createwallet(wallet_name=f"{wallet_basename}_test", descriptors=False, blank=True)
+        base_wallet = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc(f"{wallet_basename}_base")
+        test_wallet = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc(f"{wallet_basename}_test")
+
+        # Setup both wallets with the same HD seed
+        seed = get_generate_key()
+        base_wallet.sethdseed(True, seed.privkey)
+        test_wallet.sethdseed(True, seed.privkey)
+
+        if encrypt:
+            # Encrypting will generate a new HD seed and flush the keypool
+            test_wallet.encryptwallet("pass")
+        else:
+            # Generate a new HD seed on the test wallet
+            test_wallet.sethdseed()
+
+        return base_wallet, test_wallet
+
+    def do_inactive_test(self, base_wallet, test_wallet, encrypt=False):
+        default = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc(self.default_wallet_name)
+
+        # The first address should be known by both wallets.
+        addr1 = base_wallet.getnewaddress()
+        assert test_wallet.getaddressinfo(addr1)["ismine"]
+        # The address at index 9 is the first address that the test wallet will not know initially
+        for _ in range(0, 9):
+            base_wallet.getnewaddress()
+        addr2 = base_wallet.getnewaddress()
+        assert not test_wallet.getaddressinfo(addr2)["ismine"]
+
+        # Send to first address on the old seed
+        txid = default.sendtoaddress(addr1, 10)
+        self.generate(self.nodes[0], 1)
+
+        # Wait for the test wallet to see the transaction
+        while True:
+            try:
+                test_wallet.gettransaction(txid)
+                break
+            except JSONRPCException:
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        if encrypt:
+            # The test wallet will not be able to generate the topped up keypool
+            # until it is unlocked. So it still should not know about the second address
+            assert not test_wallet.getaddressinfo(addr2)["ismine"]
+            test_wallet.walletpassphrase("pass", 1)
+
+        # The test wallet should now know about the second address as it
+        # should have generated it in the inactive chain's keypool
+        assert test_wallet.getaddressinfo(addr2)["ismine"]
+
+        # Send to second address on the old seed
+        txid = default.sendtoaddress(addr2, 10)
+        self.generate(self.nodes[0], 1)
+        test_wallet.gettransaction(txid)
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        self.log.info("Test basic case for inactive HD chains")
+        self.do_inactive_test(*self.prepare_wallets("basic"))
+
+    def test_encrypted_wallet(self):
+        self.log.info("Test inactive HD chains when wallet is encrypted")
+        self.do_inactive_test(*self.prepare_wallets("enc", encrypt=True), encrypt=True)
+
+    def test_without_upgraded_keymeta(self):
+        # Test that it is possible to top up inactive hd chains even if there is no key origin
+        # in CKeyMetadata. This tests for the segfault reported in
+        # https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/21605
+        self.log.info("Test that topping up inactive HD chains does not need upgraded key origin")
+
+        self.nodes[0].createwallet(wallet_name="keymeta_base", descriptors=False, blank=True)
+        # Createwallet is overridden in the test framework so that the descriptor option can be filled
+        # depending on the test's cli args. However we don't want to do that when using old nodes that
+        # do not support descriptors. So we use the createwallet_passthrough function.
+        self.nodes[1].createwallet_passthrough(wallet_name="keymeta_test")
+        base_wallet = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc("keymeta_base")
+        test_wallet = self.nodes[1].get_wallet_rpc("keymeta_test")
+
+        # Setup both wallets with the same HD seed
+        seed = get_generate_key()
+        base_wallet.sethdseed(True, seed.privkey)
+        test_wallet.sethdseed(True, seed.privkey)
+
+        # Encrypting will generate a new HD seed and flush the keypool
+        test_wallet.encryptwallet("pass")
+
+        # Copy test wallet to node 0
+        test_wallet.unloadwallet()
+        test_wallet_dir = os.path.join(self.nodes[1].datadir, "regtest/wallets/keymeta_test")
+        new_test_wallet_dir = os.path.join(self.nodes[0].datadir, "regtest/wallets/keymeta_test")
+        shutil.copytree(test_wallet_dir, new_test_wallet_dir)
+        self.nodes[0].loadwallet("keymeta_test")
+        test_wallet = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc("keymeta_test")
+
+        self.do_inactive_test(base_wallet, test_wallet, encrypt=True)
+
+    def run_test(self):
+        self.generate(self.nodes[0], 101)
+
+        self.test_basic()
+        self.test_encrypted_wallet()
+        self.test_without_upgraded_keymeta()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    InactiveHDChainsTest().main()