Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#28575: ci: Print Linux kernel info

fac054d24c ci: Print Linux kernel info (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  Required to debug issues like https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/28487#issuecomment-1729717923. For example:

  ```
  FATAL: ThreadSanitizer: unexpected memory mapping 0x57cf8f031000-0x57cf8f173000

ACKs for top commit:
  hebasto:
    ACK fac054d24c

Tree-SHA512: 7eb158e52daffe5cbcdfa3ed1efb45e1930b80a2672558fe400c8d72ce59a8cbeb02296dfc2032721d511410885a1f057672fe8086ba1c72a494aef541bf7eb4

ci/test/06_script_b.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
+# Copyright (c) 2018-present The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ if [ "$CI_OS_NAME" == "macos" ]; then
 else
   free -m -h
   echo "Number of CPUs (nproc): $(nproc)"
+  echo "System info: $(uname --kernel-name --kernel-release)"
   lscpu
 fi
 echo "Free disk space:"