This introduces support for autodetecting and using the RdSeed instruction.
In addition:
* In SeedFast, only 64 bits of entropy are generated through RdRand (256 was relatively slow).
* In SeedStartup, 256 bits of entropy are generated, using RdSeed (preferably) or RdRand (otherwise).
It includes the following policy changes:
* All GetRand* functions seed the stack pointer and rdrand result
(in addition to the performance counter)
* The periodic entropy added by the idle scheduler now seeds stack pointer,
rdrand and perfmon data (once every 10 minutes) in addition to
just a sleep timing.
* The entropy added when calling GetStrongRandBytes no longer includes
the once-per-10-minutes perfmon data on windows (it is moved to the
idle scheduler instead, where latency matters less).
Other changes:
* OpenSSL is no longer seeded directly anywhere. Instead, any generated
randomness through our own RNG is fed back to OpenSSL (after an
additional hashing step to prevent leaking our RNG state).
* Seeding that was previously done directly in RandAddSeedSleep is now
moved to SeedSleep(), which is indirectly invoked through ProcRand
from RandAddSeedSleep.
* Seeding that was previously done directly in GetStrongRandBytes()
is now moved to SeedSlow(), which is indirectly invoked through
ProcRand from GetStrongRandBytes().
1ec1602a45 Make FastRandomContext support standard C++11 RNG interface (Pieter Wuille)
Pull request description:
This makes it possible to plug it into the various standard C++11 random distribution algorithms and other functions like `std::shuffle`.
Tree-SHA512: 935eae9c4fae31e1964c16d9cf9d0fcfa899e04567f010d8b3e1ff824e55e2392aa838ba743d03c1b2a5010c5b8da04343f453983dfeed83747d85828a564713
fbf327b Minimal code changes to allow msvc compilation. (Aaron Clauson)
Pull request description:
These changes are required to allow the Bitcoin source to build with Microsoft's C++ compiler (#11562 is also required).
I looked around for a better place for the typedef of ssize_t which is in random.h. The best candidate looks like src/compat.h but I figured including that header in random.h is a bigger change than the typedef. Note that the same typedef is in at least two other places including the OpenSSL and Berkeley DB headers so some of the Bitcoin code already picks it up.
Tree-SHA512: aa6cc6283015e08ab074641f9abdc116c4dc58574dc90f75e7a5af4cc82946d3052370e5cbe855fb6180c00f8dc66997d3724ff0412e4b7417e51b6602154825
cb24c85 Use rdrand as entropy source on supported platforms (Pieter Wuille)
Tree-SHA512: c42eaa01a14e6bc097c70b6bf8540d61854c2f76cb32be69c2a3c411a126f7b4bf4a4486e4493c4cc367cc689319abde0d4adb799d29a54fd3e81767ce0766fc
Move the OS random test to a sanity check function that is called every
time bitcoind is initialized.
Keep `src/test/random_tests.cpp` for the case that later random tests
are added, and keep a rudimentary test that just calls the sanity check.
These are available in sandboxes without access to files or
devices. Also [they are safer and more straightforward](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy-supplying_system_calls)
to use than `/dev/urandom` as reading from a file has quite a few edge
cases:
- Linux: `getrandom(buf, buflen, 0)`. [getrandom(2)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/getrandom.2.html)
was introduced in version 3.17 of the Linux kernel.
- OpenBSD: `getentropy(buf, buflen)`. The [getentropy(2)](http://man.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi/OpenBSD-current/man2/getentropy.2)
function appeared in OpenBSD 5.6.
- FreeBSD and NetBSD: `sysctl(KERN_ARND)`. Not sure when this was added
but it has existed for quite a while.
Alternatives:
- Linux has sysctl `CTL_KERN` / `KERN_RANDOM` / `RANDOM_UUID`
which gives 16 bytes of randomness. This may be available
on older kernels, however [sysctl is deprecated on Linux](https://lwn.net/Articles/605392/)
and even removed in some distros so we shouldn't use it.
Add tests for `GetOSRand()`:
- Test that no error happens (otherwise `RandFailure()` which aborts)
- Test that all 32 bytes are overwritten (initialize with zeros, try multiple times)
Discussion:
- When to use these? Currently they are always used when available.
Another option would be to use them only when `/dev/urandom` is not
available. But this would mean these code paths receive less testing,
and I'm not sure there is any reason to prefer `/dev/urandom`.
Closes: #9676
There are only a few uses of `insecure_random` outside the tests.
This PR replaces uses of insecure_random (and its accompanying global
state) in the core code with an FastRandomContext that is automatically
seeded on creation.
This is meant to be used for inner loops. The FastRandomContext
can be in the outer scope, or the class itself, then rand32() is used
inside the loop. Useful e.g. for pushing addresses in CNode or the fee
rounding, or randomization for coin selection.
As a context is created per purpose, thus it gets rid of
cross-thread unprotected shared usage of a single set of globals, this
should also get rid of the potential race conditions.
- I'd say TxMempool::check is not called enough to warrant using a special
fast random context, this is switched to GetRand() (open for
discussion...)
- The use of `insecure_rand` in ConnectThroughProxy has been replaced by
an atomic integer counter. The only goal here is to have a different
credentials pair for each connection to go on a different Tor circuit,
it does not need to be random nor unpredictable.
- To avoid having a FastRandomContext on every CNode, the context is
passed into PushAddress as appropriate.
There remains an insecure_random for test usage in `test_random.h`.
We're using GetRandomBytes in several contexts where it's either
unwieldy to return an error, or an error would mean a fatal exception
anyhow.
@gmaxwell checked OpenSSL a while ago and discovered that it never
actually fails, but it can't hurt to be a bit paranoid here.
Pieter Wuille