devtools: Add security-check.py

Perform the following ELF security checks:

- PIE: Check for position independent executable (PIE), allowing for address space randomization
- NX: Check that no sections are writable and executable (including the stack)
- RELRO: Check for read-only relocations, binding at startup
- Canary: Check for use of stack canary

Also add a check to symbol-check.py that checks that only the subset of
allowed libraries is imported (to avoid incompatibilities).

contrib/devtools/security-check.py

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python2
+'''
+Perform basic ELF security checks on a series of executables.
+Exit status will be 0 if succesful, and the program will be silent.
+Otherwise the exit status will be 1 and it will log which executables failed which checks.
+Needs `readelf` (for ELF) and `objdump` (for PE).
+'''
+from __future__ import division,print_function
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import os
+
+READELF_CMD = os.getenv('READELF', '/usr/bin/readelf')
+OBJDUMP_CMD = os.getenv('OBJDUMP', '/usr/bin/objdump')
+
+def check_ELF_PIE(executable):
+    '''
+    Check for position independent executable (PIE), allowing for address space randomization.
+    '''
+    p = subprocess.Popen([READELF_CMD, '-h', '-W', executable], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        raise IOError('Error opening file')
+
+    ok = False
+    for line in stdout.split('\n'):
+        line = line.split()
+        if len(line)>=2 and line[0] == 'Type:' and line[1] == 'DYN':
+            ok = True
+    return ok
+
+def get_ELF_program_headers(executable):
+    '''Return type and flags for ELF program headers'''
+    p = subprocess.Popen([READELF_CMD, '-l', '-W', executable], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        raise IOError('Error opening file')
+    in_headers = False
+    count = 0
+    headers = []
+    for line in stdout.split('\n'):
+        if line.startswith('Program Headers:'):
+            in_headers = True
+        if line == '':
+            in_headers = False
+        if in_headers:
+            if count == 1: # header line
+                ofs_typ = line.find('Type')
+                ofs_offset = line.find('Offset')
+                ofs_flags = line.find('Flg')
+                ofs_align = line.find('Align')
+                if ofs_typ == -1 or ofs_offset == -1 or ofs_flags == -1 or ofs_align  == -1:
+                    raise ValueError('Cannot parse elfread -lW output')
+            elif count > 1:
+                typ = line[ofs_typ:ofs_offset].rstrip()
+                flags = line[ofs_flags:ofs_align].rstrip()
+                headers.append((typ, flags))
+            count += 1
+    return headers
+
+def check_ELF_NX(executable):
+    '''
+    Check that no sections are writable and executable (including the stack)
+    '''
+    have_wx = False
+    have_gnu_stack = False
+    for (typ, flags) in get_ELF_program_headers(executable):
+        if typ == 'GNU_STACK':
+            have_gnu_stack = True
+        if 'W' in flags and 'E' in flags: # section is both writable and executable
+            have_wx = True
+    return have_gnu_stack and not have_wx
+
+def check_ELF_RELRO(executable):
+    '''
+    Check for read-only relocations.
+    GNU_RELRO program header must exist
+    Dynamic section must have BIND_NOW flag
+    '''
+    have_gnu_relro = False
+    for (typ, flags) in get_ELF_program_headers(executable):
+        # Note: not checking flags == 'R': here as linkers set the permission differently
+        # This does not affect security: the permission flags of the GNU_RELRO program header are ignored, the PT_LOAD header determines the effective permissions.
+        # However, the dynamic linker need to write to this area so these are RW.
+        # Glibc itself takes care of mprotecting this area R after relocations are finished.
+        # See also http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gnu.binutils/71347
+        if typ == 'GNU_RELRO':
+            have_gnu_relro = True
+
+    have_bindnow = False
+    p = subprocess.Popen([READELF_CMD, '-d', '-W', executable], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        raise IOError('Error opening file')
+    for line in stdout.split('\n'):
+        tokens = line.split()
+        if len(tokens)>1 and tokens[1] == '(BIND_NOW)':
+            have_bindnow = True
+    return have_gnu_relro and have_bindnow
+
+def check_ELF_Canary(executable):
+    '''
+    Check for use of stack canary
+    '''
+    p = subprocess.Popen([READELF_CMD, '--dyn-syms', '-W', executable], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        raise IOError('Error opening file')
+    ok = False
+    for line in stdout.split('\n'):
+        if '__stack_chk_fail' in line:
+            ok = True
+    return ok
+
+def get_PE_dll_characteristics(executable):
+    '''
+    Get PE DllCharacteristics bits
+    '''
+    p = subprocess.Popen([OBJDUMP_CMD, '-x',  executable], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        raise IOError('Error opening file')
+    for line in stdout.split('\n'):
+        tokens = line.split()
+        if len(tokens)>=2 and tokens[0] == 'DllCharacteristics':
+            return int(tokens[1],16)
+    return 0
+
+
+def check_PE_PIE(executable):
+    '''PIE: DllCharacteristics bit 0x40 signifies dynamicbase (ASLR)'''
+    return bool(get_PE_dll_characteristics(executable) & 0x40)
+
+def check_PE_NX(executable):
+    '''NX: DllCharacteristics bit 0x100 signifies nxcompat (DEP)'''
+    return bool(get_PE_dll_characteristics(executable) & 0x100)
+
+CHECKS = {
+'ELF': [
+    ('PIE', check_ELF_PIE),
+    ('NX', check_ELF_NX),
+    ('RELRO', check_ELF_RELRO),
+    ('Canary', check_ELF_Canary)
+],
+'PE': [
+    ('PIE', check_PE_PIE),
+    ('NX', check_PE_NX)
+]
+}
+
+def identify_executable(executable):
+    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+        magic = f.read(4)
+    if magic.startswith(b'MZ'):
+        return 'PE'
+    elif magic.startswith(b'\x7fELF'):
+        return 'ELF'
+    return None
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    retval = 0
+    for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
+        try:
+            etype = identify_executable(filename)
+            if etype is None:
+                print('%s: unknown format' % filename)
+                retval = 1
+                continue
+
+            failed = []
+            for (name, func) in CHECKS[etype]:
+                if not func(filename):
+                    failed.append(name)
+            if failed:
+                print('%s: failed %s' % (filename, ' '.join(failed)))
+                retval = 1
+        except IOError:
+            print('%s: cannot open' % filename)
+            retval = 1
+    exit(retval)
+

contrib/devtools/symbol-check.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/python2
 # Copyright (c) 2014 Wladimir J. van der Laan
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from __future__ import division, print_function
 import subprocess
 import re
 import sys
+import os
 
 # Debian 6.0.9 (Squeeze) has:
 #
@@ -45,8 +46,10 @@ MAX_VERSIONS = {
 IGNORE_EXPORTS = {
 '_edata', '_end', '_init', '__bss_start', '_fini'
 }
-READELF_CMD = '/usr/bin/readelf'
-CPPFILT_CMD = '/usr/bin/c++filt'
+READELF_CMD = os.getenv('READELF', '/usr/bin/readelf')
+CPPFILT_CMD = os.getenv('CPPFILT', '/usr/bin/c++filt')
+# Allowed NEEDED libraries
+ALLOWED_LIBRARIES = {'librt.so.1','libpthread.so.0','libanl.so.1','libm.so.6','libgcc_s.so.1','libc.so.6','ld-linux-x86-64.so.2'}
 
 class CPPFilt(object):
     '''
@@ -98,6 +101,22 @@ def check_version(max_versions, version):
         return False
     return ver <= max_versions[lib]
 
+def read_libraries(filename):
+    p = subprocess.Popen([READELF_CMD, '-d', '-W', filename], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        raise IOError('Error opening file')
+    libraries = []
+    for line in stdout.split('\n'):
+        tokens = line.split()
+        if len(tokens)>2 and tokens[1] == '(NEEDED)':
+            match = re.match('^Shared library: \[(.*)\]$', ' '.join(tokens[2:]))
+            if match:
+                libraries.append(match.group(1))
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('Unparseable (NEEDED) specification')
+    return libraries
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     cppfilt = CPPFilt()
     retval = 0
@@ -113,6 +132,11 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
                 continue
             print('%s: export of symbol %s not allowed' % (filename, cppfilt(sym)))
             retval = 1
+        # Check dependency libraries
+        for library_name in read_libraries(filename):
+            if library_name not in ALLOWED_LIBRARIES:
+                print('%s: NEEDED library %s is not allowed' % (filename, library_name))
+                retval = 1
 
     exit(retval)
 

contrib/devtools/test-security-check.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python2
+'''
+Test script for security-check.py
+'''
+from __future__ import division,print_function
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import unittest
+
+def write_testcode(filename):
+    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
+        f.write('''
+    #include <stdio.h>
+    int main()
+    {
+        printf("the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy god\\n");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    ''')
+
+def call_security_check(cc, source, executable, options):
+    subprocess.check_call([cc,source,'-o',executable] + options)
+    p = subprocess.Popen(['./security-check.py',executable], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+    return (p.returncode, stdout.rstrip())
+
+class TestSecurityChecks(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_ELF(self):
+        source = 'test1.c'
+        executable = 'test1'
+        cc = 'gcc'
+        write_testcode(source)
+
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,-zexecstack','-fno-stack-protector','-Wl,-znorelro']), 
+                (1, executable+': failed PIE NX RELRO Canary'))
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,-znoexecstack','-fno-stack-protector','-Wl,-znorelro']), 
+                (1, executable+': failed PIE RELRO Canary'))
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,-znoexecstack','-fstack-protector-all','-Wl,-znorelro']), 
+                (1, executable+': failed PIE RELRO'))
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,-znoexecstack','-fstack-protector-all','-Wl,-znorelro','-pie','-fPIE']), 
+                (1, executable+': failed RELRO'))
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,-znoexecstack','-fstack-protector-all','-Wl,-zrelro','-Wl,-z,now','-pie','-fPIE']), 
+                (0, ''))
+
+    def test_PE(self):
+        source = 'test1.c'
+        executable = 'test1.exe'
+        cc = 'i686-w64-mingw32-gcc'
+        write_testcode(source)
+
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, []), 
+                (1, executable+': failed PIE NX'))
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,--nxcompat']), 
+                (1, executable+': failed PIE'))
+        self.assertEqual(call_security_check(cc, source, executable, ['-Wl,--nxcompat','-Wl,--dynamicbase']), 
+                (0, ''))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
+