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Sample init scripts and service configuration for bitcoind
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==========================================================
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Sample scripts and configuration files for systemd, Upstart and OpenRC
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can be found in the contrib/init folder.
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contrib/init/bitcoind.service: systemd service unit configuration
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contrib/init/bitcoind.openrc: OpenRC compatible SysV style init script
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contrib/init/bitcoind.openrcconf: OpenRC conf.d file
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contrib/init/bitcoind.conf: Upstart service configuration file
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contrib/init/bitcoind.init: CentOS compatible SysV style init script
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1. Service User
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---------------------------------
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All three startup configurations assume the existence of a "bitcoin" user
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and group. They must be created before attempting to use these scripts.
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2. Configuration
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---------------------------------
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At a bare minimum, bitcoind requires that the rpcpassword setting be set
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when running as a daemon. If the configuration file does not exist or this
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setting is not set, bitcoind will shutdown promptly after startup.
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This password does not have to be remembered or typed as it is mostly used
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as a fixed token that bitcoind and client programs read from the configuration
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file, however it is recommended that a strong and secure password be used
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as this password is security critical to securing the wallet should the
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wallet be enabled.
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If bitcoind is run with the "-server" flag (set by default), and no rpcpassword is set,
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it will use a special cookie file for authentication. The cookie is generated with random
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content when the daemon starts, and deleted when it exits. Read access to this file
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controls who can access it through RPC.
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By default the cookie is stored in the data directory, but it's location can be overridden
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with the option '-rpccookiefile'.
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This allows for running bitcoind without having to do any manual configuration.
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`conf`, `pid`, and `wallet` accept relative paths which are interpreted as
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relative to the data directory. `wallet` *only* supports relative paths.
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For an example configuration file that describes the configuration settings,
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see `contrib/debian/examples/bitcoin.conf`.
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3. Paths
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---------------------------------
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All three configurations assume several paths that might need to be adjusted.
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Binary: `/usr/bin/bitcoind`
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Configuration file: `/etc/bitcoin/bitcoin.conf`
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Data directory: `/var/lib/bitcoind`
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PID file: `/var/run/bitcoind/bitcoind.pid` (OpenRC and Upstart) or `/var/lib/bitcoind/bitcoind.pid` (systemd)
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Lock file: `/var/lock/subsys/bitcoind` (CentOS)
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The configuration file, PID directory (if applicable) and data directory
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should all be owned by the bitcoin user and group. It is advised for security
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reasons to make the configuration file and data directory only readable by the
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bitcoin user and group. Access to bitcoin-cli and other bitcoind rpc clients
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can then be controlled by group membership.
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4. Installing Service Configuration
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-----------------------------------
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4a) systemd
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Installing this .service file consists of just copying it to
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/usr/lib/systemd/system directory, followed by the command
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`systemctl daemon-reload` in order to update running systemd configuration.
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To test, run `systemctl start bitcoind` and to enable for system startup run
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`systemctl enable bitcoind`
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4b) OpenRC
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Rename bitcoind.openrc to bitcoind and drop it in /etc/init.d. Double
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check ownership and permissions and make it executable. Test it with
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`/etc/init.d/bitcoind start` and configure it to run on startup with
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`rc-update add bitcoind`
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4c) Upstart (for Debian/Ubuntu based distributions)
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Drop bitcoind.conf in /etc/init. Test by running `service bitcoind start`
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it will automatically start on reboot.
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NOTE: This script is incompatible with CentOS 5 and Amazon Linux 2014 as they
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use old versions of Upstart and do not supply the start-stop-daemon utility.
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4d) CentOS
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Copy bitcoind.init to /etc/init.d/bitcoind. Test by running `service bitcoind start`.
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Using this script, you can adjust the path and flags to the bitcoind program by
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setting the BITCOIND and FLAGS environment variables in the file
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/etc/sysconfig/bitcoind. You can also use the DAEMONOPTS environment variable here.
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5. Auto-respawn
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-----------------------------------
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Auto respawning is currently only configured for Upstart and systemd.
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Reasonable defaults have been chosen but YMMV.
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