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doc: update tor.md manual config, move after automatic config

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@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ outgoing connections, but more is possible.
have privacy concerns.
-listen When using -proxy, listening is disabled by default. If you want
to run an onion service (see next section), you'll need to enable
it explicitly.
to manually configure an onion service (see section 3), you'll
need to enable it explicitly.
-connect=X When behind a Tor proxy, you can specify .onion addresses instead
-addnode=X of IP addresses or hostnames in these parameters. It requires
@ -55,67 +55,7 @@ In a typical situation, this suffices to run behind a Tor proxy:
./bitcoind -proxy=127.0.0.1:9050
## 2. Manually create a Bitcoin Core onion service
If you configure your Tor system accordingly, it is possible to make your node also
reachable from the Tor network. Add these lines to your /etc/tor/torrc (or equivalent
config file): *Needed for Tor version 0.2.7.0 and older versions of Tor only. For newer
versions of Tor see [Section 3](#3-automatically-listen-on-tor).*
HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/bitcoin-service/
HiddenServicePort 8333 127.0.0.1:8334
The directory can be different of course, but virtual port numbers should be equal to
your bitcoind's P2P listen port (8333 by default), and target addresses and ports
should be equal to binding address and port for inbound Tor connections (127.0.0.1:8334 by default).
-externalip=X You can tell bitcoin about its publicly reachable addresses using
this option, and this can be an onion address. Given the above
configuration, you can find your onion address in
/var/lib/tor/bitcoin-service/hostname. For connections
coming from unroutable addresses (such as 127.0.0.1, where the
Tor proxy typically runs), onion addresses are given
preference for your node to advertise itself with.
You can set multiple local addresses with -externalip. The
one that will be rumoured to a particular peer is the most
compatible one and also using heuristics, e.g. the address
with the most incoming connections, etc.
-listen You'll need to enable listening for incoming connections, as this
is off by default behind a proxy.
-discover When -externalip is specified, no attempt is made to discover local
IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. If you want to run a dual stack, reachable
from both Tor and IPv4 (or IPv6), you'll need to either pass your
other addresses using -externalip, or explicitly enable -discover.
Note that both addresses of a dual-stack system may be easily
linkable using traffic analysis.
In a typical situation, where you're only reachable via Tor, this should suffice:
./bitcoind -proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 -externalip=7zvj7a2imdgkdbg4f2dryd5rgtrn7upivr5eeij4cicjh65pooxeshid.onion -listen
(obviously, replace the .onion address with your own). It should be noted that you still
listen on all devices and another node could establish a clearnet connection, when knowing
your address. To mitigate this, additionally bind the address of your Tor proxy:
./bitcoind ... -bind=127.0.0.1
If you don't care too much about hiding your node, and want to be reachable on IPv4
as well, use `discover` instead:
./bitcoind ... -discover
and open port 8333 on your firewall (or use port mapping, i.e., `-upnp` or `-natpmp`).
If you only want to use Tor to reach .onion addresses, but not use it as a proxy
for normal IPv4/IPv6 communication, use:
./bitcoind -onion=127.0.0.1:9050 -externalip=7zvj7a2imdgkdbg4f2dryd5rgtrn7upivr5eeij4cicjh65pooxeshid.onion -discover
## 3. Automatically create a Bitcoin Core onion service
## 2. Automatically create a Bitcoin Core onion service
Bitcoin Core makes use of Tor's control socket API to create and destroy
ephemeral onion services programmatically. This means that if Tor is running and
@ -206,10 +146,68 @@ password` (refer to the [Tor Dev
Manual](https://2019.www.torproject.org/docs/tor-manual.html.en) for more
details).
## 3. Manually create a Bitcoin Core onion service
You can also manually configure your node to be reachable from the Tor network.
Add these lines to your `/etc/tor/torrc` (or equivalent config file):
HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/bitcoin-service/
HiddenServicePort 8333 127.0.0.1:8334
The directory can be different of course, but virtual port numbers should be equal to
your bitcoind's P2P listen port (8333 by default), and target addresses and ports
should be equal to binding address and port for inbound Tor connections (127.0.0.1:8334 by default).
-externalip=X You can tell bitcoin about its publicly reachable addresses using
this option, and this can be an onion address. Given the above
configuration, you can find your onion address in
/var/lib/tor/bitcoin-service/hostname. For connections
coming from unroutable addresses (such as 127.0.0.1, where the
Tor proxy typically runs), onion addresses are given
preference for your node to advertise itself with.
You can set multiple local addresses with -externalip. The
one that will be rumoured to a particular peer is the most
compatible one and also using heuristics, e.g. the address
with the most incoming connections, etc.
-listen You'll need to enable listening for incoming connections, as this
is off by default behind a proxy.
-discover When -externalip is specified, no attempt is made to discover local
IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. If you want to run a dual stack, reachable
from both Tor and IPv4 (or IPv6), you'll need to either pass your
other addresses using -externalip, or explicitly enable -discover.
Note that both addresses of a dual-stack system may be easily
linkable using traffic analysis.
In a typical situation, where you're only reachable via Tor, this should suffice:
./bitcoind -proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 -externalip=7zvj7a2imdgkdbg4f2dryd5rgtrn7upivr5eeij4cicjh65pooxeshid.onion -listen
(obviously, replace the .onion address with your own). It should be noted that you still
listen on all devices and another node could establish a clearnet connection, when knowing
your address. To mitigate this, additionally bind the address of your Tor proxy:
./bitcoind ... -bind=127.0.0.1
If you don't care too much about hiding your node, and want to be reachable on IPv4
as well, use `discover` instead:
./bitcoind ... -discover
and open port 8333 on your firewall (or use port mapping, i.e., `-upnp` or `-natpmp`).
If you only want to use Tor to reach .onion addresses, but not use it as a proxy
for normal IPv4/IPv6 communication, use:
./bitcoind -onion=127.0.0.1:9050 -externalip=7zvj7a2imdgkdbg4f2dryd5rgtrn7upivr5eeij4cicjh65pooxeshid.onion -discover
## 4. Privacy recommendations
- Do not add anything but Bitcoin Core ports to the onion service created in section 2.
- Do not add anything but Bitcoin Core ports to the onion service created in section 3.
If you run a web service too, create a new onion service for that.
Otherwise it is trivial to link them, which may reduce privacy. Onion
services created automatically (as in section 3) always have only one port
services created automatically (as in section 2) always have only one port
open.

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