diff --git a/src/Makefile.am b/src/Makefile.am
index bf26cc96743..d5500b08a2c 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/Makefile.am
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ noinst_PROGRAMS =
 TESTS =
 BENCHMARKS =
 
-BITCOIN_INCLUDES=-I$(builddir) -I$(srcdir)/$(MINISKETCH_INCLUDE_DIR_INT) -I$(srcdir)/secp256k1/include -I$(srcdir)/$(UNIVALUE_INCLUDE_DIR_INT) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(LEVELDB_CPPFLAGS)
+BITCOIN_INCLUDES=-I$(builddir) -I$(srcdir)/$(MINISKETCH_INCLUDE_DIR_INT) -I$(srcdir)/secp256k1/include -I$(srcdir)/$(UNIVALUE_INCLUDE_DIR_INT) $(LEVELDB_CPPFLAGS)
 
 LIBBITCOIN_NODE=libbitcoin_node.a
 LIBBITCOIN_COMMON=libbitcoin_common.a
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ libbitcoin_util_a-clientversion.$(OBJEXT): obj/build.h
 # Contains code accessing mempool and chain state that is meant to be separated
 # from wallet and gui code (see node/README.md). Shared code should go in
 # libbitcoin_common or libbitcoin_util libraries, instead.
-libbitcoin_node_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(MINIUPNPC_CPPFLAGS) $(NATPMP_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS)
+libbitcoin_node_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(MINIUPNPC_CPPFLAGS) $(NATPMP_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS)
 libbitcoin_node_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libbitcoin_node_a_SOURCES = \
   addrdb.cpp \
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ libbitcoin_node_a_SOURCES += dummywallet.cpp
 endif
 
 if ENABLE_ZMQ
-libbitcoin_zmq_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(ZMQ_CFLAGS)
+libbitcoin_zmq_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(ZMQ_CFLAGS)
 libbitcoin_zmq_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libbitcoin_zmq_a_SOURCES = \
   zmq/zmqabstractnotifier.cpp \
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ endif
 
 # wallet: shared between bitcoind and bitcoin-qt, but only linked
 # when wallet enabled
-libbitcoin_wallet_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BDB_CPPFLAGS) $(SQLITE_CFLAGS)
+libbitcoin_wallet_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(BDB_CPPFLAGS) $(SQLITE_CFLAGS)
 libbitcoin_wallet_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libbitcoin_wallet_a_SOURCES = \
   wallet/coincontrol.cpp \
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ if USE_BDB
 libbitcoin_wallet_a_SOURCES += wallet/bdb.cpp wallet/salvage.cpp
 endif
 
-libbitcoin_wallet_tool_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES)
+libbitcoin_wallet_tool_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 libbitcoin_wallet_tool_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libbitcoin_wallet_tool_a_SOURCES = \
   wallet/wallettool.cpp \
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ libbitcoin_common_a_SOURCES = \
   $(BITCOIN_CORE_H)
 
 # util: shared between all executables.
-libbitcoin_util_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES)
+libbitcoin_util_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 libbitcoin_util_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libbitcoin_util_a_SOURCES = \
   support/lockedpool.cpp \
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ bitcoin_cli_LDADD += $(EVENT_LIBS)
 
 # bitcoin-tx binary #
 bitcoin_tx_SOURCES = bitcoin-tx.cpp
-bitcoin_tx_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES)
+bitcoin_tx_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 bitcoin_tx_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 bitcoin_tx_LDFLAGS = $(RELDFLAGS) $(AM_LDFLAGS) $(LIBTOOL_APP_LDFLAGS) $(PTHREAD_FLAGS)
 
@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@ bitcoin_util_LDADD = \
 
 # bitcoin-chainstate binary #
 bitcoin_chainstate_SOURCES = bitcoin-chainstate.cpp
-bitcoin_chainstate_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES)
+bitcoin_chainstate_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 bitcoin_chainstate_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 
 # $(LIBTOOL_APP_LDFLAGS) deliberately omitted here so that we can test linking
diff --git a/src/Makefile.bench.include b/src/Makefile.bench.include
index a23d872250d..3ed643d9329 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.bench.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.bench.include
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ bench_bench_bitcoin_SOURCES = \
 
 nodist_bench_bench_bitcoin_SOURCES = $(GENERATED_BENCH_FILES)
 
-bench_bench_bitcoin_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS) -I$(builddir)/bench/
+bench_bench_bitcoin_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS) -I$(builddir)/bench/
 bench_bench_bitcoin_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 bench_bench_bitcoin_LDADD = \
   $(LIBTEST_UTIL) \
diff --git a/src/Makefile.qt.include b/src/Makefile.qt.include
index b4acc47aa1e..602a1182598 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.qt.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.qt.include
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ BITCOIN_QT_RC = qt/res/bitcoin-qt-res.rc
 BITCOIN_QT_INCLUDES = -DQT_NO_KEYWORDS -DQT_USE_QSTRINGBUILDER
 
 qt_libbitcoinqt_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BITCOIN_QT_INCLUDES) \
-  $(QT_INCLUDES) $(QT_DBUS_INCLUDES) $(QR_CFLAGS)
+  $(QT_INCLUDES) $(QT_DBUS_INCLUDES) $(QR_CFLAGS) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 qt_libbitcoinqt_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(QT_PIE_FLAGS)
 qt_libbitcoinqt_a_OBJCXXFLAGS = $(AM_OBJCXXFLAGS) $(QT_PIE_FLAGS)
 
diff --git a/src/Makefile.qttest.include b/src/Makefile.qttest.include
index fa822f29548..89c659d4b92 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.qttest.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.qttest.include
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ TEST_QT_H = \
   qt/test/wallettests.h
 
 qt_test_test_bitcoin_qt_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BITCOIN_QT_INCLUDES) \
-  $(QT_INCLUDES) $(QT_TEST_INCLUDES)
+  $(QT_INCLUDES) $(QT_TEST_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 
 qt_test_test_bitcoin_qt_SOURCES = \
   init/bitcoin-qt.cpp \
diff --git a/src/Makefile.test.include b/src/Makefile.test.include
index 987f30251c2..5f2e535e85e 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.test.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.test.include
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ BITCOIN_TEST_SUITE += \
 endif # ENABLE_WALLET
 
 test_test_bitcoin_SOURCES = $(BITCOIN_TEST_SUITE) $(BITCOIN_TESTS) $(JSON_TEST_FILES) $(RAW_TEST_FILES)
-test_test_bitcoin_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(TESTDEFS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS)
+test_test_bitcoin_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(TESTDEFS) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS)
 test_test_bitcoin_LDADD = $(LIBTEST_UTIL)
 if ENABLE_WALLET
 test_test_bitcoin_LDADD += $(LIBBITCOIN_WALLET)
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ FUZZ_SUITE_LD_COMMON += $(LIBBITCOIN_ZMQ) $(ZMQ_LIBS)
 endif
 
 if ENABLE_FUZZ_BINARY
-test_fuzz_fuzz_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES)
+test_fuzz_fuzz_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
 test_fuzz_fuzz_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 test_fuzz_fuzz_LDADD = $(FUZZ_SUITE_LD_COMMON)
 test_fuzz_fuzz_LDFLAGS = $(RELDFLAGS) $(AM_LDFLAGS) $(LIBTOOL_APP_LDFLAGS) $(PTHREAD_FLAGS) $(RUNTIME_LDFLAGS)
diff --git a/src/Makefile.test_fuzz.include b/src/Makefile.test_fuzz.include
index b43816636f9..c5c4ae3aef0 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.test_fuzz.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.test_fuzz.include
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ TEST_FUZZ_H = \
     test/fuzz/mempool_utils.h \
     test/fuzz/util.h
 
-libtest_fuzz_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(MINIUPNPC_CPPFLAGS) $(NATPMP_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS)
+libtest_fuzz_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(MINIUPNPC_CPPFLAGS) $(NATPMP_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS)
 libtest_fuzz_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libtest_fuzz_a_SOURCES = \
   test/fuzz/fuzz.cpp \
diff --git a/src/Makefile.test_util.include b/src/Makefile.test_util.include
index 9306bb6fcc5..9e88128f650 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.test_util.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.test_util.include
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ TEST_UTIL_H = \
     test/util/validation.h \
     test/util/wallet.h
 
-libtest_util_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(MINIUPNPC_CPPFLAGS) $(NATPMP_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS)
+libtest_util_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(BITCOIN_INCLUDES) $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS) $(MINIUPNPC_CPPFLAGS) $(NATPMP_CPPFLAGS) $(EVENT_CFLAGS) $(EVENT_PTHREADS_CFLAGS)
 libtest_util_a_CXXFLAGS = $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(PIE_FLAGS)
 libtest_util_a_SOURCES = \
   test/util/blockfilter.cpp \